Certified Sommelier Practice Exam

What major geographical feature impacts Washington State's wine production?

1. Cascade Mountains

2. Rocky Mountains

3. Sierra Nevada Mountains

4. Appalachian Mountains

The correct answer is: Cascade Mountains

The Cascade Mountains play a critical role in shaping the climate and terroir of Washington State's wine production. This mountain range creates a significant rain shadow effect, which means that the western side receives substantial rainfall, while the eastern side remains relatively dry. This drier climate on the east side is crucial for grape growing, as it helps to reduce disease pressure and allows for more consistent ripening of the grapes. Additionally, the elevation changes provided by the Cascades contribute to temperature variations that can enhance the complexity of the wines. The variety of microclimates created by the diverse landscapes and the availability of different soil types also allow for a wide range of grape varietals to thrive. This unique geographical feature is fundamental to the character and quality of wines produced in Washington State, making it the most significant factor impacting its wine industry. The other mountain ranges mentioned do not impact Washington State in the same way. The Rocky Mountains are located further east, while the Sierra Nevada Mountains are situated in California, and the Appalachian Mountains are on the opposite side of the country. All these other ranges influence their respective wine regions, but they do not affect Washington’s wine production directly.