Certified Sommelier Practice Exam

The primary basis for the Burgundy AOC classification is terroir. Terroir encompasses the unique characteristics of a specific vineyard site, including the climate, soil, topography, and the influence of local winemaking traditions. In Burgundy, this concept is especially crucial because it reflects how these variables combine to influence the growth of the grapevines, ultimately affecting the flavor and quality of the wine produced.

In Burgundy, producers are deeply focused on the expression of terroir, which is why the region is divided into a hierarchy of appellations based on specific vineyard sites and their distinctive qualities. This classification system allows consumers to understand the nuances of each wine, which can vary significantly even between vineyards that are geographically close to one another.

While climate, grape variety, and soil type play important roles in viticulture and wine production, the overarching principle that governs the Burgundy AOC classification is the concept of terroir, which integrates all these factors into a cohesive understanding of the vineyard's identity and its resultant wines.